Chapter 7: The Giant Planets
1.
The
gas giants are composed mainly of what two elements?
2.
Which
gas giants have rings?
3.
Which
of the following is true of the Roche Limit?
4.
T/F:
The majority of the solar system’s moons orbit the giant planets.
5.
Which
of these is the largest:
6.
True/False:
Saturn has no moons.
7.
Because
Pluto’s orbit is _________ elliptical than the other orbits in our solar
system, it sometimes crosses Neptune’s orbit.
8.
The
ancient preplanetary bodies which accreted to form planets are called
9.
Which
of the following is not a part of a comet?
10.
True/False:
Comets orbiting the sun are not bound by Kepler’s laws.
11.
The
asteroid belt is located between which two planets?
12.
A
group of comets concentrated just beyond Pluto (at a distance of 30-100 AU) and
lying roughly in the plain of the solar system is called the
13.
Contrary
to popular belief, a comet actually has how many tails?
14.
Which
of the following statements is TRUE?
a. All
asteroids, by definition, lie in the asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter.
b. Asteroids
are capable of having an orbiting moon.
c. According
to estimates, asteroids appear to consist of solid rock.
d. Asteroids
have been known to do widespread damage to early civilizations.
15.
Where
on Earth do scientists most often hunt for asteroids?
16.
Meteor
showers occur when
17.
Astronomers
are interested in comets primarily because
a. they tell
us about conditions in the solar nebula from which planets formed.
b. a
collision with one would pose a major threat to continued life on the Earth.
c. they tell
us about conditions in interstellar space.
d. none of
the above. Astronomers are NOT interested in comets.
18.
Suspected
to be members or ex-members of the Kuiper Belt:
a. Pluto.
b.
short-period comets.
c. icy moons
of the outer solar system such as Triton and Charon.
d. all of
the above.
19.
An
impact the size of the one that wiped out the dinosaurs probably occurs once
every
20.
Most
of the mass in the solar system is in the __________. Most of the angular momentum in the solar system is in the
__________.
21.
The
condensation sequence attempts to explain
a. how
planetesimals stuck together to form the planets of the solar system.
b. why it is that water is such a rare substance in the solar
system, found only on Earth.
c. why the
planets are composed of different chemicals in different amounts.
d. how the cloud from which the solar system condensed ended up as a
flattened disk.
22.
The
gradual accumulation of material to make large objects is called
23.
During
the solar system formation, where did iron & ices of volatiles condense,
respectively?
24.
So
far, the most successful technique for detecting extrasolar planets has been
25.
As
the solar nebula collapsed,
a. the
amount of angular momentum remained the same.
b. it
gradually flattened to a disk-shaped cloud.
c. the bulk
of the gas ended up in the Sun.
d. all of
the above.
26.
The
condensation sequence agrees with the observation of ammonia and methane ices
found
a. in comets
and in the atmospheres and on the satellites of the giant planets.
b. in the
Earth's polar regions.
c. on
asteroids.
d. only
within the inner portions of the solar system.
27.
Which
of the following is NOT a process by which planets obtained satellites?
a. Accretion
of debris ejected by a large impact between the planet and a large planetesimal.
b. Mass of
planet was sufficient to attract enough nebular gas to form an accretion disk
from which satellites condensed.
c. Capture
of planetesimals whose orbits were altered by giant planets.
d.
Rapidly-spinning planet breaks apart and ejects one or more pieces into
orbit around it.
28.
The
distance between two successive peaks or troughs of a wave is called
29.
Which
is the correct order according to increasing wavelength?
30.
An
individual piece (quantum) of light is called a
31.
An
atom in the ground state can have
32.
An
absorption line may appear as a
33.
An
emission line which has been shifted to a longer wavelength is said to be
34.
A
well known example of an interferometer is
35.
Using
Wien’s law (l*T = 3*106 nm*K),
a star at a temperature of 1*104 K would radiate at a wavelength of
36.
From
Wien’s law, which wavelength corresponds to the highest temperature?
37.
Humans
radiate in which region of the electromagnetic spectrum?
38.
According
to the Stefan-Boltzmann law (L = 4pR2sT4), which of the following will
increase the luminosity of a star?
39.
What
characteristic or behavior does an excited atom possess or exhibit?
a. It may
emit one or more photons.
b. All of
its electrons are in the ground state.
c. It is
ionized.
d. It
exhibits the Doppler effect.
40.
Which
of the following statements regarding radiation is TRUE?
a. All
wavelengths travel at the speed of light.
b. Any
wavelength can get through the "radio window" if it slows down.
c. Radio
wavelengths are shorter than X-ray wavelengths.
d. In
general, ultraviolet radiation is less harmful than microwave radiation.
41.
In
general, the primary function of a telescope is
a. to
measure the wavelengths of the incoming types of radiation.
b. separate
out one type of radiation from another.
c. act as a
"light bucket" to catch photons.
d. measure
the amount of radiation produced inside of an object in space.
42.
Cool
gas between an observer and a continuous light source will cause
43.
The
two most common elements in the solar system are
44.
What
is the outermost layer of the sun?
45.
What
is the hottest layer of the sun?
46.
About
how long does it take light from the sun to reach the earth?
47.
Sunspots
appear dark because they are
48.
Using
the equation for parallax d = 1 / p, if the parallax of a star is p = 2 arcsec,
the distance to the star is
49.
What
is the correct spectral class sequence in order from highest to lowest
temperature?
50.
Which
of the following cannot be determined based solely on the axes of the H-R
diagram?
51.
Along
the main sequence of the H-R diagram, stars follow a mass-radius relation. This means that
52.
Which
of the following types of stars can be found on the main sequence of the H-R
diagram?
53.
Dr.
McGaugh stressed in class that “the main sequence is a sequence in mass.” This means that the most massive stars on
the main sequence are located where?
54.
For
main sequence stars, the general rule is: the higher the surface temperature,
the
a. more
numerous are the stars.
b. greater
the masses of the stars.
c. less
luminous are the stars.
d. more
common are binary stars.
55.
If
two observations of the stars Sirius and Arcturus are made at 6 month
intervals, Sirius reveals a greater parallax because Sirius is
a. closer to
us than Arcturus.
b. hotter
than Arcturus.
c. more
massive than Arcturus.
d. more
distant than Arcturus.
56.
A
star's luminosity is
a. dependent
on the star's size and distance.
b.
calculated by measuring the star's parallax angle.
c. dependent
on the star's temperature and amount of surface area.
d. expressed
as its apparent visual magnitude.
57.
The
brightest stars we observe in the sky
a. are
typically the nearest stars to Sun.
b. are
generally stars with low luminosities.
c. have mv's
with large positive numbers (between +10 and +30).
d. are
generally cooler red giant and hot young stars.
58.
The
typical distance between stars is
a. not well
understood since distances to stars are difficult to determine.
b. one
astronomical unit.
c. one
parsec.
d. one
light-year.
59.
If
a star is said to be in hydrostatic equilibrium, it is not contracting because
1.
C
2.
D
3.
B
4.
T
5.
D
6.
F
7.
A
8.
B
9.
D
10.
F
11.
C
12.
A
13.
C
14.
B
15.
C
16.
D
17.
A
18.
D
19.
C
20.
B
21.
C
22.
B
23.
C
24.
A
25.
D
26.
A
27.
D
28.
B
29.
C
30.
A
31.
D
32.
B
33.
B
34.
D
35.
A
36.
B
37.
C
38.
C
39.
A
40.
A
41.
C
42.
A
43.
A
44.
B
45.
A
46.
B
47.
A
48.
D
49.
A
50.
C
51.
C
52.
B
53.
C
54.
B
55.
A
56.
C
57.
D
58.
C
59.
C